Jesus and Philosophy: On the Questions We Ask, by Paul Moser

Paper.

I heard about the texts of this author from a friend, of whom Moser was the assessor of his doctoral thesis.

In this document, the author shares a point of view in regard to the attitude Christian philosophers should take when they have to decide about the areas towards they wish to focus on for work and research.

Philosophy is not by default a friend of Christ, nor Christ that of philosophy, even though Christ touches on themes that directly or indirectly impact philosophy, and philosophy can boarder the themes that he talks about.

Then, philosophy can be dedicated to questioning and studying Christ without being committed to him or obey him and be applied like a ministerial tool for the building of the Church; it all depends on the attitude of the philosopher.

For where your area of research is, there your heart will be also.

Alan

To see the document of Paul Moser, click here.

To visit his web page, click here.

The Unbereable Lightness of Being, by Milan Kundera

Novel. My favorite, so far.

We only live once. Or is there an eternal return?

If the latter is true, are we condemned to repeat our actions endless times, infinitely? The burden of each one of our actions would become heavy, unbearable.

On the other hand, if we live once, if all what is set inside of the flow of time only happens once, then our actions lack of relevance. What relevance can something that happens in a glimpse have; something that only happens once; something that doesn’t leave a trace? A drop of water can’t erode a rock. The rock is something incommensurable, like eternity. Then, our existence is devoid of weight. We are victims of the unbearable lightness of being.

I have four faces, like cherubim:

I am Tomáš and I have a crush on someone even if I have a desire for others.

I have felt the crumble, the jealousy, and the anxiety of Tereza.

I am a fool child like Franz, I’m only a child.

I have pursued that cursed Sabina, just to realize that her steps are mine own.

Alan

An Experiment in Criticism, by C. S. Lewis

Literary criticism.

How should a literary work be read to be most appreciated? Should we approach to it with a preconceived intention like “cultivate our spirits”, “find out answers”, “seek for help”, “know other cultures”? By all means! In this I agree with Lewis.

In this book he says that exposing ourselves to a literary work to appreciate it the most implies an abandonment of ourselves to what we read. We should renounce to preconceived ideas or personal quests so the work would speak completely by itself to us.

Another central idea of this work is that books should be judged according of the kind of reading they invite us to. This is what separates genuine readers from the other ones.

Alan

Metamorphosis, by Franz Kafka

Mom, dad: I’m afraid of not being loved by you someday.

When we are ashamed of someone or something, do we simply stay away from that person or situation, or do we just go out for a walk until the unpleasant thing simply disappears?

If someday I stop being myself and become a different being among my neighbors, would they notice my absence?

Who cares why things happen? We are just victims of causation.

I feel cold.

Helarte de Amar (You Freeze from Loving: 69), by Fernando Iwasaki

Stories.

A boy who who falls in love with his teacher tells us how he feels according to what he watches on TV. These are the times of Batman and Guilligan’s Island.

A young man messes with his friend and her mother. A cold current runs through this story.

A story of prostitutes in a bar of the Bronx. How many views are there to tell us what happened?

A guy who likes getting involved in his girlfriend’s jobs: one was a cook, another studied medicine, and another worked as a secretary. He learned something of each one, but… what was Luciana’s job?

A spatial voyage. The cooperation of two countries is needed to achieve an important mission: make a couple of astronauts become the first spacefuckers. For Commander Kimberley Most things don’t happen as planned…

With these and other stories (or science-fiction narrative, or sexual nonsense, as the author calls them), Fernando Iwasaki shows us that he is an excellent narrator. His prose is charged with humor and an clever and fresh use of language.

I found this book as a compulsory reading for one of Espido Freire’s workshops on literary creation. She considers Iwasaki as one of the best story writers in Spanish language of our time. I’d like to read his Trousseau Funeral now.

Oedipus Rex; Sophocle

Greek tragedy.

Besides the well-known argument of Oedipus falling in love with his mother and killing his father (all of this without him knowing it), this tragedy can tell us something else…

With this work Sophocles made the Greeks’ religious thought shake. With the pass of time and with the coming of other men, the gods went back to their cradle: the abyss, the chaos, the night….

Certainly the plots of the gods are terrible. They cannot be changed. If we dance under their whim music, it is easy to understand why we would want to stop believing in those gods.

The Art of War, by Sun Tzu (or Sun Zi)

Treatise.

Have you ever had to fight someone? This was Sun Tzu’s daily bread, since he was a Chinese General of the 5th century B.C.

In this book, Sun Tzu shares with us his knowledge in the art of war, conflicts, and how can we overcome in them. The book was written as a practical war manual for ancient times. It tells us about considering geography, ground, how to use fire and spies against our enemies, if we should position ourselves standing in the wind and sun’s direction, or if we should do the opposite, among other things. However, these advices could be translated and applied to any situation in which we have to struggle against something. This is the essence of war, after all.

We could say that if Sun Tzu could come back to life in our times he could be something of the following at least: CEO of a multinational company, professor of a Business School, philosopher, economist, chess champion, coach, statesman, or even General again. The list follows…

Here is a portion of the book which shows its elegant prose:

The combination of direct and indirect tactical methods are like:

(1) Inexhaustible haven and earth.

(2) Endless flow of rivers.

(3) Endless sun and moon rises and falls each day.

(4) Four seasons repeated endlessly.

(5) Five musical notes with their different combinations could produce melodies that one has never heard before.

(6) Five primary colors with the different combinations will produce endless hues.

(7) Five basic tastes such as sweet, sour, bitter, chili and salty with different combinations to create endless flavors.

Chapter five (Posture of Army), a fragment.

Bestiary, by Juan José Arreola

Prose.

Arreola is magnificent. In this Bestiary he introduces to us different kinds of animals with his immaculate prose. The description is exquisite. Sometimes it becomes anthropomorphic, but this is done with a brilliant subtlety. We find out that we, humans, are the animals that he describes. Or, is it that we have at least part of their nature and behavior?

I like The Owl, epistemologist par excellence.

Alan

Pedro Páramo, by Juan Rulfo

Novel.

A classic among the classics. This is one of the best of Mexican literature (I don’t know if fortunately or unfortunately, but I personally appreciate it anyway).

Some foreigners (especially Americans and Europeans) still believe that most of Mexico is still believing and living like in the marvelous scenes and environments that this novel displays.

The story begins with a man who goes to a town looking for Pedro Páramo, his father. As the argument develops we notice that Pedro Páramo and the town are something out of the ordinary.

¡I HATE COSTUMBRISMO (literature of local customs and manners)! However, Rulfo doesn’t fit in it. He overpasses this kind of writing.

Alan

The Tunnel, by Ernesto Sábato

Novel.

A short and interesting book. This is the story of an obsessive, almost a schizophrenic, painter. In one word: a stalker. He begins to feel an attraction to María Ibarne, a girl who apparently was the only one who could understand one of his paintings. He does everything possible to follow and meet her. He is so obsessed with her that he finally assassinates her.

The narration begins with the painter in prison and as it evolves he tells us how he met María and why he killed her.

I felt attracted by the story because I think sometimes I’m as obsessive as the painter (I want to make it clear, this is just in some aspects of my life, I’m not an stalker). Sometimes I take a situation to the limit of analysis to consider courses of action or just to infer in a detailed way why things happen…

Anyway, I have come to think that everyone is like this, at least in one of the soul’s deep corners. If that is not the case… then I have just exposed myself.

Alan

Lazarillo de Tormes

Frank Loveland, a professor of a short certified course in Ibero-American literature that I am taking, said to the class that the only thing one should achieve if he wants to become famous or that his name could be remembered for ages in the literature world is to establish, without any doubt, who was the author of this work.

Any volunteers?

Even though we don’t know the answer yet, we can enjoy and talk about Lazarillo here.

This is the story of Lázaro, a poor boy who needs to work as the servant of different masters to survive. From each of his masters he learns valuable lessons for living, lessons about the moral values of his society, and at the same time, he amuses us. Well, I have to admit this is done with a very simple humor, like a Tom and Jerry’s cartoon. But it amuses, anyway.

From those who have read the book… who doesn’t remember the tricks the Lazarillo played to the blind man?

Alan

Wide Sargasso Sea; Jean Rhys

Novel.

This book is a head spinner. Something like a gothic novel but in a Carribean atmosphere. It’s about a little girl of European descent who lives in Jamaica with her mother, father, and her black servents. The life goes in circles, the little girl grows, they arrange a marriage with a proud man for her, and that’s as far as I’ll tell you. THIS IS NOT A TYPICAL STORY ABOUT A POOR LITTLE PRINCESS, it has profundity and psychology. Jean Rhys writes very well and gives it a sling, sophisticated and evolving atmosphere. The end is very well worked.

A friend promised that she was going to loan me the book, and she kept promising to loan it to me, and nothing… I ended up having to buy it online. Anyways, I’m thankful because if she had loaned it to me, I would have never given it back, which usually happens with books.

If you want, you can comment here.

Lethal Story of Fragility; Rebecca Arroyo Rodriguez “DaRIa DecoN”

This is a book of poetry.

I came to know this book and its’ author practically by accident. One summer that I decided to spend in San Miguel de Allende, I attended in a workshop about creative literature shared by Victor Sahuatoba.

The people in the workshop were very participative and at the end of the course a girl who was sitting next to me said that she had a surprise to share, but that since it was only one, we would have to decide randomly who would end up with it. The luck fell on me and the prize was her book. It was strange because I don’t remember winning another thing that way in my life.

The theme in the entire book is somewhat dark, making illusion to misanthropy, hypocrisy, death, vampires, drugs, and everything else associated with the darkness or Goth.

Since I had never liked this genre, I considered that it was a type of pretext to get attention and just a simple stereotype. I confess that some of her poems brought me pleasure when I read them. After all, shouldn’t literature get the attention of the reader, and doesn’t it use stereotypes, even when trying to rebel against them?

In the internet it’s possible to get examples of her work. If someone wants to comment something about them, it can be done in this space. I leave you with one of my favorite fragments of one of her poems…

Fairy Tale (fragment)

People make fun of me,

my last cent is on the hand of a drunk man,

a drug addict gives me pleasure

and the love of my life is on his honeymoon.

*And here is the original poem fragment in Spanish, the original language.

Cuento de Hadas (fragmento)

La gente se burla de mí,

mi último centavo está en la mano de un borracho,

un drogadicto me da placer

y el amor de mi vida está en su luna de miel.

"DaRla DecóN"

The Bible

What can I say, if you want to comment something about the Bible, you can do it here with complete confidence. I like the interchange of opinions, discussion, and debate in regard to it, in whatever type of environment or tone.

I’m a Bible teacher in my church, so I will be enchanted to receive comments and questions and put forth my own opinions and doubts before you all.